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過去簡單式 (Past Tense)

過去簡單式用以陳述過去所發生的動作,並且這個動作在過去某一時間點已經結束

 

I talked to my mother yesterday.

我昨天跟我的母親談過話。

句子含有表示過去時間的副詞,如 yesterday, last night...等通常動詞用過去簡單式。

 

He was a teacher in his thirties.

30幾歲時曾經是個老師。(但現在已經不是了)

I loved you; and perhaps I love you still.

我曾經愛過你;也許仍愛著。

摘錄自俄國詩人普希金(Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin1799-1837) 的一首短詩<我曾經愛過你 (I Loved You)>。

 

過去簡單式的動詞形式,通常是在動詞原式後面加 -ed -d 而形成,這類動詞我們稱之為規則動詞,如上面例句中的 talked (動詞原式 talk -ed) 或是 loved (動詞原式 love -d) 不規則動詞或是Be動詞的過去式,沒有一定的形式,只能靠死背來記住

想一想,下面的句子正確嗎?

你昨天的午餐吃什麼?

What do you eat for lunch yesterday?  did 

Tina __D___ hamburgers for lunch every day last week.

  1. has (B) was having (C) has had (D) had

字尾是有聲子音或母音的動詞,+ed成為過去式的,ed要唸成”d ”;

lived, paved, aimed, vacuumed, stayed, played,….

字尾是無聲子音的動詞,+ed成為過去式的,ed要唸成 “t”

talked, washed, watched, liked, asked …

 

過去簡單式或 "used to" 表示過去的習慣

My brother got up at five every morning.

我哥哥過去每天早上五點起床。

My brother used to get up at five every morning.

我哥哥過去每天早上五點起床。

但是現在已經不再每天早上五點起床。

 

I shopped at Eslite Bookstore regularly.

過去定期逛誠品書店。

I used to shop at Eslite Bookstore regularly.

我過去定期逛誠品書店。

 

但是現在已經不再定期逛誠品書店了。

 

注意:used to + 原型V = 過去(習慣)

      be used to(介詞) + Ving/N 習慣於。。。,適應於。。。

I used to take a walk after diner.過去曾經習慣飯後去散步。(現在沒有這個習慣了。)

I am used to taking a walk after.習慣於飯後去散步。(現在

Don’t worry about me! I am used to the noise. 別擔心,我已經習慣這種噪音了。

 

句子的主要動詞為過去式時,一般從屬子句的動詞也要用過去式

 

I thought (that) she was a teacher.

我以為她是一個老師。was 是主要動詞。

Stephen got out safely before his house collapsed.

在他的房子倒塌之前,史帝芬已經安全地離開了。got out是主要動詞。

與現在事實相反的假設語氣,不受上述過去時式的使用規則所限制

─── 假設語態會在以後教到

 

Steve acts as though he were the boss. (= but he is not the boss)

史蒂夫的行為,就好像他自己是老闆。

但是他不是老闆。

Steve acts as if he were the boss.

as though = as if

 

I wish [that] he were here now.

我希望他現在人在這裡。wish、were兩者時態不同。

要是他現在人在這裡就好了。事實上他人不在這裡。

If he were here right now, he would help us.werewould help 兩者時態不同。

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